Neon (10)

Neon is a very inert element. Neon forms an unstable hydrate. In a vacuum discharge tube, neon glows reddish orange. Of all the rare gases, the discharge of neon is the most intense at ordinary voltages and currents. It is present in the atmosphere as 1 part in 65000.

Liquid neon has over 40 times more refrigerating capacity than liquid helium, and more than 3 times that of liquid hydrogen.

•Name: Neon
•Symbol: Ne
•Atomic number: 10
•Atomic weight: 20.1797
•Standard state: gas at 298 K
•CAS Registry ID: 7440-01-9
•Group in periodic table: 18
•Group name: Noble gas
•Period in periodic table: 2
•Block in periodic table: p-block
•Color: colorless
•Classification: Non-metallic

Historical information

Neon was discovered by Sir William Ramsay, Morris W. Travers at 1898 in London, England. Origin of name: from the Greek word "neon" meaning "new". Neon was discovered by Sir William Ramsay and Morris Travers in 1898 very shortly after their discovery of the element krypton. Both elements were discovered through work on liquid air. A little later they discovered xenon using similar methods.

Physical properties

•Melting point: 24.56 [or -248.59 °C (-415.46 °F)] K
•Boiling point: 27.07 [or -246.08 °C (-410.94 °F)] K
•Density of solid: 1444 kg m-3

Orbital properties

•Ground state electron configuration: [He].2s2.2p6
•Shell structure: 2.8
•Term symbol: 1S0

Isolation

Neon is present to a small extent in the atmosphere and is obtained as a byproduct from the liquefaction and separation of air. This would not normally be carried out in the laboratory and neon is available commercially in cylinders under pressure.